Background. Speech pathologists are trained to treat developmental stuttering, however little is known about treatment for those with an acquired stutter. Characteristics differ between developmental and acquired stuttering, and previous research suggests that acquired stuttering may be more resistant to commonly used fluency enhancing techniques. Clinicians therefore lack a strong evidence base in the area, despite it being within the scope of the profession.

Aims. To investigate which interventions speech pathologists can implement to best support the treatment of clients presenting with acquired stuttering.

Methods. The systematised review was guided by a comprehensive search of nine databases, forward and ancestral citation searching, critical appraisal, data extraction, and inductive thematic analysis.

Main Contribution. Twenty-five papers were ultimately included for review, with each subtype of acquired stuttering (neurogenic, psychogenic, and drug-induced) accounted for. The thematic analysis identified the following prevalent themes: (1) diversity of interventions, (2) multidisciplinary treatment, and (3) the importance of accurate diagnosis. The analysis also revealed treatment trends within each acquired stuttering subtype across a diverse range of co-morbidities.

Conclusions. This review highlighted the importance of further research in the area in order to comply with the tenets of evidence-based practice. It also found that, while existing research sheds light on certain treatments and their outcomes, the circumstances are extremely specific and can therefore not be accurately transferred to a broader professional context. Suggested areas for future research include specific treatment approaches within the population, the creation of clinical guidelines in the area, engagement in multidisciplinary practice, and impact on quality of life.

Submission Statement. Speech pathologists must endeavour to provide acquired stuttering treatment using the best available evidence. Further research on the topic, as well as the provision of clinical guidelines, is integral to ensuring intervention in this population is ethical and efficacious.

1. The importance of harnessing one's knowledge of evidence-based practice in clinical circumstances where there may be no clear guideline to follow.
2. A new perspective of multidisciplinary practice and the complexities of this in particularly unique client circumstances, such as those which are common in cases of acquired stuttering.
3. The value of continuing research in the area of acquired stuttering in order for the profession to be ethically and effectively providing intervention.